With the launch of the first patented dishwasher, much has changed. Modern technology, combined with the experience of world leaders, has led to the emergence of various types and types of dishwashers. Now the buyer has to choose between one, another and third models, so as not to make a mistake and purchase a machine that will fully meet his needs. All questions about the differences, pluses and minuses of each type of PMM will be considered in the review.
Features and differences of different types of dishwashers
A few decades ago, it was not difficult to answer the question of what types of dishwashers are, because the choice was modest. And today, with the development of engineering and technical thought against the backdrop of global progress, cars are produced in various forms and forms, which has become the reason for the complex gradation.
We will describe the simplest classification, which includes all types of modern PMM. This hierarchy is presented in detail in the diagram:
All dishwashers are divided into two main varieties: domestic and industrial.
Industrial machines, in turn, are divided into:
- Frontal. Their design is similar to household appliances - in front there is a loading hatch, and inside there are dish baskets. The control panel also resembles a household one. One difference: in the quality of assembly, reliability and durability. All front-mounted industrial dishwashers are made of high quality metal (external and internal parts). Also, such models wash large batches of dishes and serve many times longer than "home helpers".
- Dome dishwashers. Original industrial options without a door. The container with dishes is covered with a washing tank that resembles a dome - hence the name. Additional sectors are also often attached to this technique: a sink and a table for sorting dirty dishes and appliances.
- The tunnel type is the most bulky and powerful “giants” of the dishwasher industry. They are suitable for canteens and other large catering establishments. They are often called "conveyor belts" because they resemble this very useful invention. Dirty dishes move along the conveyor, falling into the washing tank, from where it comes out perfectly clean.
Important! Tunnel dishwashers require a large area - at least 18 square meters.
Today, many companies in Russia and abroad produce such equipment for industry and business. The cost of this equipment is high, in domestic conditions such machines will be useless.
Household dishwashers, which the consumer usually encounters, are conditionally divided into the following classes:
- full-sized;
- narrow
- small (or compact).
Full-sized equipment got its name due to external parameters. Typically, the dimensions are: height - 82-87 cm, width - 60 cm, depth - 55-60 cm. Such a machine can wash 10-17 sets of dishes at a time, so these are the most capacious and productive options. There are models that are partially or fully integrated into the kitchen, as well as freestanding designs.
Among full-size machines, you can also find combined ones. They are combined with other household appliances - hob, gas stove, oven. This is a relative novelty in the market, so the price is high for the average user, and this is why the demand for combined options is modest.
Narrow dishwashers from the previous ones are distinguished by a width that ranges from 44.5 to 49 cm. The division is exactly the same as the installation type. Suitable for a kitchen with limited space and a ready-made kitchen set.
Small or compact models sold in recent years may also vary in type of installation. There are no uniform standards in size, dimensions can vary: 50-69 cm in width, 50-55 cm in depth, 44-60 cm in height. Great for a small kitchen.
Which PMMs are more reliable, more economical, more productive
To determine the reliability of the dishwasher, it is worth focusing on several signs:
- What are made of the hopper, rocker arms and container containers. The less plastic and more metal, the better. To save money in compact and narrow models, plastic components are often found, so the conclusion is obvious.
- Electronics - the more complex, the more vulnerable. The structural complexity of the PMM is convenient, but unreliable. If the electronics break down, then the repair will “fly into a penny”, sometimes up to half the cost of the unit.
- Manufacturer country. It is considered that the most reliable equipment in the world is German (such brands as Miele, Bosch, Siemens, AEG). Good indicators of confidence and service life of Italian technology. Unfortunately, cheap Chinese-made cars have not yet earned trust, in view of their frequent breakdowns, although quite worthy brands come across - how lucky.
How to save
Efficiency is even more difficult to evaluate - here you need to take into account the characteristics of a single model. In general, full-size PMMs consume 11-12 liters of water per wash cycle.
Important! Among the full-size cars, there are premium models that spend no more than 10 liters on one sink. So, Neff 51M65X4 requires only 7.5 liters of water. But the cost of such a model is not affordable for everyone.
Compact cars consume 5-6 liters, which is the most ideal indicator for fans of savings.
Important! Profitability of a small model is calculated based on the frequency of launches per day. If you use the equipment three times a day, at a flow rate of 6 liters, the small model will consume 18 liters of water, which is almost twice as much as that of a full-sized PMM.
Exactly the same logic regarding electricity consumption. Conventional cars consume about 0.73-0.79 kW / h, small ones - 0.51 kW / h. With the double launch of a compact economy-class model, the energy consumption will be greater than that of a machine with full dimensions.
Washing quality
The quality of washing in modern machines is quite high, regardless of design. So, a machine with preliminary washing or “Soaking” is more likely to fully wash old dirt. The result is even better for those models in which the use of 3-in-1 capsules and tablets is acceptable, as well as with a wide variety of temperature conditions.
Important! In order to predict the quality of washing in advance, pay attention to the washing class. It should be no lower than A.
The cost of dishwashers of different types
The final price of a dishwasher does not depend on the type of construction. Often the cost rests on the brand and country of origin. For the European, and in particular German, assembly will have to be overpayed by at least a quarter. The price is also affected by the cost of an advertising campaign of an individual company - the more funds are spent on promotion, the brighter this is reflected in the cost of equipment, although some companies have chosen a different policy in this matter.
So, Bosch has focused on budget technology, so even the costs of advertising and maintaining the status of a world leader do not leave an imprint on value.
According to the rules of marketing and economics, the following factors influence the final cost of a product:
- country of origin, brand;
- country of assembly;
- the degree of novelty, the number of "chips" and improvements;
- technical complexity of the design.
The high price of combined equipment is determined by the presence of a gas stove or oven in the complex, but combined models are not the most expensive - they can be purchased at a price of 100,000-120,000 rubles, while a regular PMM from the German company De Dietrich costs all 200,000 rubles .
Important! Also, the cost may depend on the type of control, the class of washing, drying or energy consumption. Read the information sticker carefully when purchasing. If earlier the class of electricity consumption was not higher than A, then today you can meet A +, A ++ and even A +++.
How did the first PMM appear
The world's first dishwasher created by a resident of the United States. Her "ancestor" is Joel Goughton. It would be honest to call him simply the author of the idea, because he did not succeed in translating his work into reality. The first machine was difficult to use, it required physical effort, and the quality of washing left much to be desired. Goughton later decided to automate the process, but it remained on paper and was not reflected in real developments.
Josephine Cochrane’s invention is more like what we used to call a dishwasher. In her technical novelty, the basis of the design were piston pumps operating on a manual drive. Also in the typewriter was a heater, which heated water, and a basket in which the dishes were folded.
It is interesting! Cochrane's development turned the idea of washing dishes upside down, but did not find recognition because of the high cost and still poor quality of washing.
The history of the development of the PMM continued in Europe. The first automatic dishwasher was created in 1929 by engineers from the German company Miele. The device did not require user participation, and hot water was sent to the hopper using an electric pump. After 30 years, the same company released the first dishwasher in the design known to our contemporaries, which worked in automatic mode. 1960 can be safely called the year of the invention of modern PMM.
Read more about the history of the creation and evolution of dishwashers in our article.
Summarize. Despite the fact that the choice of types of PMM is huge, you can always easily find the right option for your home or business. The main thing is to determine the criteria that the machine should meet, and immediately indicate the budget for the planned purchase.